Volume-9 Issue-1, May 2019 – International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE)

A3214059119

IJSCE Journal — Wed, 29 Sep 2021 06:19:00 +0000

The International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE) has ISSN: 2231-2307 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal. This journal is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in January, March, May, July, September and November.The journal aims to publish high-quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Soft Computing and Engineering that covers Data Communication and Networking, Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networking, Image Processing and Recognition, Software Engineering and Project Management (SEPM), Computer Graphics and Multimedia (CGM), Data Mining, Cryptography and Network Security, Smart Computing and Information Processing, Internet of Things (IoT), Computation Intelligence and Analytics, Machine Learning (ML) and Knowledge Mining (KM), Operating System, Data Base Management System (DBMS), Data Structure and Algorithm (DSA), Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD), and all interdisciplinary streams of Soft Computing and Engineering. #Addressing, Routing, Switching and Location Management #Broadband, Mobile, Wired, Wireless Internet #Networks: Adhoc and Sensor Networks, High Speed Networks, Mobile and #Wireless Networks #Network Architectures #Network Based Applications #Network Protocols #Network Operations & Management #Network Security Trust & Privacy #Cross Layer Design and Optimization #Internet and Web Applications #Network Measurement & Performance Analysis #Next Generation Internet & Web Architectures #Peer to Peer and Overlay Networks #QOS And Resource Management #Recent Trends & Developments in Computer Networks #Self-Organizing Networks and Networked Systems #Ubiquitous Networks #Virtual & Overlay Networks #Wireless Mesh Networks and Protocols #Wireless Multimedia Systems #Personal and Wearable Networks #Information-Centric Networking #Embedded Networks #Opportunistic Networking #Delay-Tolerant Networks #Cognitive Radio Networks #Vehicular Networks #Smart Grid Communications #Underwater Sensor Networks #Cyber-Physical Systems #Social Networks #Green Networking #Overlay and Peer-To-Peer Networks #Local-Area and Metropolitan-Area Networks #Storage-Area Networks #Routing and Transport Protocols #Big Data Networking #Cloud Computing and Networking #Software Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization #Internet of Things #Link Technologies #Adaptive Networking Applications #Authentication, Authorization, Accounting #Security and Privacy #Cross-Layer Optimization #Multimedia and Real-Time Communication #Machine-To-Machine Communications for Smart Environments #Smart Cities #Network Traffic Characterization and Measurements #Network Management, Reliability and QoS #Performance Evaluation of Networks #Testbeds for Network Experiments #Network Coding #Optical and High-Speed Access Networks #High Performance Computing #Digital System and Logic Design #Networked-Driven Multicourse Chips #Information-Centric Networking #Opportunistic Networking #Mobile and Ubiquitous Networking #Big Data Networking #Cloud Computing and Networking #Software Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization #Adaptive Networking Applications #Antenna and Communications Devices #Microstrip Antenna #Microwave #Radar and Satellite #Smart Antenna #MIMO Antenna #Wireless Communication #RFID Network and Applications #5G Communication #6G Communication #Neural Networks #Fuzzy Logic #Simulated Biological Evolution Algorithms (Like Genetic Algorithm) #Ant Colony Optimization(etc) #Reasoning and Evolution #Intelligence Applications #Computer Vision and Speech Understanding #Multimedia and Cognitive Informatics #Data Mining and Machine Learning Tools #Heuristic and Ai Planning Strategies and Tools #Computational Theories of Learning #Technology and Computing (Like Particle Swarm Optimization) #Intelligent System Architectures #Knowledge Representation #Bioinformatics #Natural Language Processing #Multiagent Systems #Supervised Learning #Unsupervised Learning #Deep Learning #Big Data and Ai Approaches #Reinforcement Learning #And Learning with Generative Adversarial Networks #Regression and Prediction #Problem Solving and Planning #Clustering #Classification #Neural Information Processing #Vision and Speech Perception #Heterogeneous and Streaming Data #Probabilistic Models and Methods #Reasoning and Inference #Marketing and Social Sciences #Knowledge Discovery #Web Mining #Information Retrieval #Design and Diagnosis #Game Playing #Streaming Data #Music Modelling and Analysis #Robotics and Control #Multi-Agent Systems #Active Vision and Robotic Systems #Architecture of Imaging and Vision Systems #Autonomous Vehicles #Character and Handwritten Text Recognition #Chemical and Spectral Sensitization #Chemistry of Photosensitive Materials #Coating Technologies #Coding and Transmission #Cognitive Aspects of Image Understanding #Color Imaging #Communication of Visual Data #Data Fusion from Multiple Sensor Inputs #Display and Printing #Document Image Understanding # Generation and Display #Holography #Image Analysis and Interpretation #Image Capturing #Image Databases #Image Generation #Image Manipulation #Image Permanence #Image Processing #Image Processing Applications #Image Processing: Coding Analysis and Recognition #Image Representation #Image Sensing #Imaging Systems and Image Scanning #Implementation and Architectures #Latent Image #Materials for Electro-Photography #Monitoring and Surveillance #Network Architecture for Real-Time Video Transport #New Visual Services Over ATM/Packet Network #Non-Impact Printing Technologies #Object Modeling and Knowledge Acquisition #Photoconductors #Photographic Emulsions #Photopolymers #Prepress and Printing Technologies #Processing and Analysis #Protocols for Packet Video #Remote Image Sensing #Retrieval and Multimedia #Scene Modeling #Signal-Processing Aspects of Image Processing #Storage and Transmission #Video Coding Algorithms and Technologies for ATM/P #Ethics of Software Engineering and Management #Software Life Cycles Development Models #Project Planning and Management #Software Requirements Analysis #Software Design Analysis #Software Testing and Integration #Software Implementation and Maintenance #Software Maintenance and Maintainability #Software Metrics or Attributes #Software Risk Assessment and Containment #Reliability #Software Quality and Quality Assurance #Software Cost Estimation #Object Oriented Developments #Object Oriented Metrics #Object Oriented Testing #Formal Notations #3D Reconstruction #Computer Animation #Computational Fabrication #Computational Geometry #Computational Photography #Computer Vision for Computer Graphics #Data Compression for Graphics #Geometric Modelling #Geometric Processing #HCI and Computer Graphics #Human Modelling #Image Analysis #Image Based Rendering #Image Processing #Machine Learning for Graphics #Medical Imaging #Pattern Recognition #Physically Based Modelling #Illumination and Rendering ethods #Robotics and Vision #Saliency Methods #Scientific Visualization #Shape and Surface Modelling #Shape Analysis and Image Retrieval #Shape Matching #Sketch-based Modelling #Solid Modelling #Stylized rendering #Textures #Virtual and Augmented Reality #Visual Analytics #Volume Rendering #Data Mining #Data Science #Big Data #Data Warehouse #Visualization #Security #Privacy #Big DaaS #Scalable Computing #Cloud Computing #Knowledge Discovery #Integration #Transformation #Information Retrieval #Social Data and Semantics #Mining Functions #Data Regression #Data Classification #Anomaly Detection #Data Clustering #Data Association #Data Regression #Data Cleaning #Feature Selection and Extraction #Data Mining Algorithms #Apriori #Decision Tree #Generalized Linear Models #K-Means #Minimum Description Length #Naive Bayes #Non-Negative Matrix Factorization #0-Cluster #Support Vector Machines #Data Preparation #Mining Unstructured Data #Artificial Intelligence #Future Directions and Challenges in Data Mining #Industrial Challenges in Data Mining #Cryptographic Protocols #Cryptography and Coding #Untrace-Ability #Privacy and Authentication #Key Management #Authentication #Trust Management #Quantum Cryptography #Computational Intelligence in Security #Artificial Immune Systems #Biological & Evolutionary Computation #Intelligent Agents and Systems #Reinforcement & Unsupervised Learning #Autonomy-Oriented Computing #Coevolutionary Algorithms #Fuzzy Systems #Biometric Security #Trust Models and Metrics #Regulation and Trust Mechanisms #Data Integrity #Models for Authentication #Trust and Authorization #Wireless Network Security #Information Hiding #Data & System Integrity #Access Control and Intrusion Detection #Intrusion Detection and Vulnerability Assessment #Authentication and Non-Repudiation #Identification and Authentication #Insider Threats and Countermeasures #Intrusion Detection & Prevention #Secure Cloud Computing #Security Information Systems Architecture and Design and Security Patterns #Security Management #Security Requirements (Threats, Vulnerabilities, Risk, Formal Methods, etc.) #Sensor and Mobile ad hoc Network Security #Service and Systems Design and QOS Network Security #System Security #Intrusion Detection #Secure end Systems #Secure Operating Systems #Data Base Security #Security Infrastructures #Security Evaluation #Software Security #Security and Privacy in Mobile Systems#Security and Privacy in Pervasive/Ubiquitous Computing #Security and Privacy in Web Services #Security and Privacy Policies #Security Area Control #Security Deployment #Security Engineering #Security for Grid Computing #Security in Distributed Systems #Network Security #Internet Security #Firewalls #Mobile Security #Security Agents #Protocols #Anti-Virus and Anti-Hacker Measures #Content Protection #Software Protection #Tamper Resistant Software #Electronic Commerce #Electronic Government #Health #Telecommunications #Mobility #Foundations #Privacy #Access Control #Authentication #Identification #Applied Cryptography #Formal Methods in Information Security #IoT & IoE & Edge Computing #Distributed Mobile Applications Utilizing IoT #Security, Privacy and Trust in IoT & IoE #Standards for IoT Applications #Ubiquitous Computing #Blockchain-enabled IoT Device and Data Security and Privacy #Application of WSN in IoT #Cloud Resources Utilization in IoT #Wireless Access Technologies for IoT #Mobile Applications and Services for IoT #Machine/ Deep Learning with IoT & IoE #Smart Sensors and Internet of Things for Smart City #Logic, Functional programming and Microcontrollers for IoT #Sensor Networks, Actuators for Internet of Things #Data Visualization using IoT #IoT Application and Communication Protocol #Big Data Analytics for Social Networking using IoT #IoT Applications for Smart Cities #Emulation and Simulation Methodologies for IoT #IoT Applied for Digital Contents #Soft Computing #Advance Ubiquitous Computing #Parallel Computing #Distributed Computing #Machine Learning #Information Retrieval #Expert Systems #Data Mining #Text Mining #Data Warehousing #Predictive Analysis #Data Management #Big Data Analytics #Big Data Security #Nature Inspired Computing #Reconfigurable Computing #Cloud, Cluster, Grid and P2P Computing #Biomedical Computing #Green Computing #Mobile Computing #Nano Ubiquitous Computing #Context Awareness and Personalization, Autonomic and Trusted Computing #Internet Computing #Sequential, Parallel and Distributed Algorithms and Data Structures #Approximation and Randomized Algorithms #Graph Algorithms And Graph Drawing #On-Line and Streaming Algorithms #Analysis of Algorithms and Computational Complexity #Algorithm Engineering #Web Algorithms #Exact And Parameterized Computation #Algorithmic Game Theory #Computational Biology #Foundations of Communication Networks #Computational Geometry #Discrete Optimization #Software Engineering Methodologies #Agent-based Software Engineering #Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Software Engineering #Component-based Software Engineering #Embedded and Ubiquitous Software Engineering 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Agent-Based Systems #Autonomic Computing #Adaptive Systems #Agent Architectures, Ontologies, Languages and Protocols #Multi-Agent Systems #Agent-Based Learning and Knowledge Discovery #Interface Agents #Agent-Based Auctions and Marketplaces #Secure Mobile and Multi-Agent Systems #Mobile agents #SOA and Service-Oriented Systems #Service-Centric Software Engineering #Service Oriented Requirements Engineering #Service Oriented Architectures #Middleware for Service Based Systems #Service Discovery and Composition #Service Level Agreements (Drafting, Negotiation, Monitoring and Management) #Runtime Service Management #Semantic web #Data Modelling, Mining and Data Analytics #Aggregation, Integration, and Transformation #Web and Text Mining #Data Mining Methods, Techniques, and Tools #Data Analytics Modelling and Algorithms #Patterns and Frameworks #Data Visualization #Knowledge Systems and Engineering #Knowledge Acquisition #Knowledge-based and Expert Systems #Knowledge Representation and Retrievals #Knowledge Engineering Tools and Techniques #Time and Knowledge Management Tools #Knowledge Modelling, Integration, Transformation, and Management #Uncertainty Knowledge Management #Knowledge Visualization #Mobile Computing and Mobile System Engineering #Mobile App Design and Development #Innovative Mobile Applications #Pervasive Computing #Mobile System Validation and Test Automation #Software & System Quality of Service #Soft Computing #Software and System Testing Methods #Quality Assurance Process, Standards, and Systems #Software Safety Systems #Software Test Automation and Tools #Software Dependability, Reliability, Scalability #Software & System Security #Software and System Security and Privacy #Mobile App Security and Privacy #Encryption Methods and Tools #Security Service Systems #Cloud, Sensor Cloud and Mobile Cloud Security #Mobile System Integrity, Security, And Fault Tolerance #Emergent Topics #Cloud Computing and Innovative Cloud-Based Application Systems 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Comprative Study and Analysis of Object Detection using R-CNN
Sneha Madane¹, Shruti Patil², Rohini Patil³
¹Sneha Madane, Department of Computer Science, Terna Engineering College, Navi Mumbai (Maharashtra)-400706, India.
²Shruti Patil, Department of Computer Science, Terna Engineering College, Navi Mumbai (Maharashtra)-400706, India.
³Rohini Patil, Department of Computer Science, Terna Engineering College, Navi Mumbai (Maharashtra)-400706, India.
Manuscript received on May 02, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on May 05, 2019. | Manuscript published on May 30, 2019. | PP: 23-26 | VVolume-9 Issue-1, May 2019. | Retrieval Number: A3214059119/19©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley
© The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Object detection is a field that has been in the limelight a lot in the recent years. Computer vision and image processing are involved in this computer technology and are widely used. Along the path of harnessing the power of vision, numerous algorithms have been found from simple edge detection to pixel level object detection. In this paper we have studied the advancements in object detection algorithms like RCNN and the latest one being we have studied papers based on types of R-CNN like Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN and Mask RCNN. We have seen their applications in various fields, studied their efficiency, accuracy and limitations.
Keywords: Region based Convolutional Neural Networks (RCNN), Object Detection

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A3216059119

IJSCE Journal — Wed, 29 Sep 2021 06:15:37 +0000

Health and Safety Performance in the Construction Industry in Rwanda
Tukesiga Pius¹, Diang’a Stephen², Gwaya Oswald Abednego³
¹Mr. Pius Tukesiga: Construction Project Management, Msc. Bachelor of Science in Quantity Surveying, Makerere, Msc. (Ongoing), JKUAT
²Prof. Stephen Diang’a: (PhD, Durban University). Member of BORAQS, Housing & Urban Planning, Architecture.
³Dr. Abednego Gwaya: B.A (Bldg. Econ). U.O.N, MSc Civil Eng, Makerere, PhD (Const Eng. & Mngt), JKUAT.
Manuscript received on May 02, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on May 05, 2019. | Manuscript published on May 30, 2019. | PP: 17-22 | VVolume-9 Issue-1, May 2019. | Retrieval Number: A3216059119/19©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley
© The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The construction industry is an important part of the economy in many countries, and an important driver of economic growth especially in developing countries. Despite its importance, construction works are considered risky with frequent incidents of accidents and ill-health problems to workers, practitioners and end users. Health and safety issues have always been a major problem and concern in the construction industry.Workers are exposed to hazards of occupational diseases, injuries and adverse effects of excessively long working hours. This article is informed by Rwanda’s Profile on OSH study conducted by the Ministry of Public Service and Labour in 2012, which revealed numerical increase of occupational injuries over the years: 35 (2007), 82 (2008), 93 (2009), 112 (2010), 118 (2011) and 138 (2012). The paper sought to investigate the phenomena of health and safety performance in the construction industry in Rwanda. It reflects particularly tothe knowledge level among construction workers on health and safety practices and skills on construction projects in Rwanda; the sources and types of hazards and accidents encountered on construction projects in Rwanda; the level of implementation of health and safety management systems on construction projects in Rwanda; and the factors necessary to improve health and safety on construction projects in Rwanda. To achieve this, an overview of published materials was undertaken. Questionnaires were distributed to construction workers, Observations on safety practices were noted and interviews were conducted with officials at Ministry of Public Service and Labour. Out of a sample of 264, 186 were returned constituting a response rate of 70.45%.
Keywords: Health, Safety, Occupational ill-health, Risk and hazards, Risk management, Accidents.

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A3215059119

IJSCE Journal — Wed, 29 Sep 2021 06:11:56 +0000

The Influence of Contract Administration on the Implementation of Construction Projects in Rwanda
Mugabe David Louis¹, Abednego Oswald Gwaya², Titus KivaaMbiti³
¹Mr. David Louis Mugabe, Bachelor of Science in Quantity Surveying KIST, Msc. Construction Project Management, (ongoing), JKUAT. Registered QS.
²Dr. Abednego Gwaya, B.A (Bldg. Econ.), U.O.N, MSc Civil Eng. Makerere, Ph.D (Const. Eng. &Mngt).JKUAT.
³Dr. Titus Kivaa Mbiti: PhD (RMIT,Australia), MA (BldgMngt, UON) BA (Bldg Econ, UON), CIQSK,RQS.
Manuscript received on May 02, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on May 05, 2019. | Manuscript published on May 30, 2019. | PP: 11-16 | VVolume-9 Issue-1, May 2019. | Retrieval Number: A3215059119/19©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley
© The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Rwanda has experienced a boom in the construction and real estate sector due to increased demand in residential houses, accommodation facilities for the needs of tourists and business travelers flocking the country. The boom is also precipitated by the need for implementing the Vision 2020 and the good security in the country, all of which have attracted a number of potential investors, encouraged by good security in the country (RDB, 2017). In spite of that, construction projects are not implemented as required by contract documents and this has become the most common problem for all companies. Construction projects also suffer from poor performance in terms of time delays, cost overruns and quality defects. What needs to be done to improve projects performance has been stated as a continuing and tricky problem in construction. The causes of poor performance have often been analyzed and recommendations have been given. However, few studies have addressed the influence of contract administration on construction projects success. This article explores the influence of contract administration on the success of construction projects in Rwanda. The study was conducted with real estate developers, contractors and consultants. The article argues that contract administration plays a major role towards project implementation and subsequently the overall success. Cost contract is presented as the most common form of contract administration.
Keywords: Contract, Contract Administration, Construction Project, Project Implementation.

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A3211059119

IJSCE Journal — Wed, 29 Sep 2021 06:08:16 +0000

An Optimal Approach for Use of Lane Detection Algorithm Using Reliable Lane Markings
Kanishk¹, Chandan Kumar², Kundan Singh³, R.B. Sarooraj⁴
¹Kanishk, Department of Computer Science Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
²Chandan Kumar, Department of Computer Science Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
³Kundan Singh, Department of Computer Science Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
⁴R. B. Sarooraj, Department of Computer Science Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
Manuscript received on May 02, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on May 05, 2019. | Manuscript published on May 30, 2019. | PP: 6-10 | VVolume-9 Issue-1, May 2019. | Retrieval Number: A3211059119/19©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: This paper proposes efficient and innovative way of Lane Detection Algorithm implementation for developing nations like India, Sri-Lanka, Pakistan and Urban Nation as China, USA. The paper consists of analytical approach for the use of algorithm and implementation of the same. The approach for the implementation of the algorithm is robust and effective. We would be using Active Safety System first; the collective images of the objects (nodes) are captured by the front – end camera as binary image from the Region of Interest. The Binary images are then converted to Grey – Scale Images. The Region of Interest (ROI) is determined and Lane Detection Algorithm is implemented to get the matched value with the real time object. An Active Safety System is designed and embedded with the micro controllers and Adaptive Cruise Control and further, Sensor Fusion is done. The Experimental results show that the algorithm was implemented successfully and identifies lanes in complex situations and worn out areas and curved lanes.
Keywords: Objects, Binary Images, Grey Scale Images, Bird’s eye view, Inverse Perspective Mapping, Gaussian’s density function, Histogram images, Region of Interest.

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A3190059119

IJSCE Journal — Wed, 29 Sep 2021 06:03:15 +0000

A Study of Mobile Cloud Forensics Importance and key Challenges Faced by Investigates
Sameer Dev Sharma¹, Himani Maheshwari², Shailee Parmar³
¹Sameer Dev Sharma, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
²Himani Maheshwari, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
³Sameer Dev Sharma, Lecturer, Department of Management, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
Manuscript received on May 02, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on May 05, 2019. | Manuscript published on May 30, 2019. | PP: 1-5 | VVolume-9 Issue-1, May 2019. | Retrieval Number: A3190059119/19©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley
© The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Nowadays, Mobile Cloud forensics is the buzzword in the IT market. Everyone is having mobile devices and having his/her crucial data on it. People data is targeted by the hackers to steal the vital information. Mobile devices have limited processing capacity, battery life and storage. But, the cloud computing technology enables the users with indefinite computing resources. Mobile users avail the cloud facilities provided by MCC service provider using SMDs and are charged only on the basis of how much resource they utilize in the cloud (pay-as-you-go). This paper insights an overview of mobile and discuss various challenges faced by the investigators.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Cloud forensics, Mobile Cloud Computing, Mobile Cloud Forensics, Smart Mobile Devices.

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