Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015 – International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE)

D1834093413

IJSCE Journal — Tue, 12 Oct 2021 04:52:28 +0000

The International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE) has ISSN: 2231-2307 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal. This journal is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in January, March, May, July, September and November.The journal aims to publish high-quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Soft Computing and Engineering that covers Data Communication and Networking, Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networking, Image Processing and Recognition, Software Engineering and Project Management (SEPM), Computer Graphics and Multimedia (CGM), Data Mining, Cryptography and Network Security, Smart Computing and Information Processing, Internet of Things (IoT), Computation Intelligence and Analytics, Machine Learning (ML) and Knowledge Mining (KM), Operating System, Data Base Management System (DBMS), Data Structure and Algorithm (DSA), Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD), and all interdisciplinary streams of Soft Computing and Engineering. #Addressing, Routing, Switching and Location Management #Broadband, Mobile, Wired, Wireless Internet #Networks: Adhoc and Sensor Networks, High Speed Networks, Mobile and #Wireless Networks #Network Architectures #Network Based Applications #Network Protocols #Network Operations & Management #Network Security Trust & Privacy #Cross Layer Design and Optimization #Internet and Web Applications #Network Measurement & Performance Analysis #Next Generation Internet & Web Architectures #Peer to Peer and Overlay Networks #QOS And Resource Management #Recent Trends & Developments in Computer Networks #Self-Organizing Networks and Networked Systems #Ubiquitous Networks #Virtual & Overlay Networks #Wireless Mesh Networks and Protocols #Wireless Multimedia Systems #Personal and Wearable Networks #Information-Centric Networking #Embedded Networks #Opportunistic Networking #Delay-Tolerant Networks #Cognitive Radio Networks #Vehicular Networks #Smart Grid Communications #Underwater Sensor Networks #Cyber-Physical Systems #Social Networks #Green Networking #Overlay and Peer-To-Peer Networks #Local-Area and Metropolitan-Area Networks #Storage-Area Networks #Routing and Transport Protocols #Big Data Networking #Cloud Computing and Networking #Software Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization #Internet of Things #Link Technologies #Adaptive Networking Applications #Authentication, Authorization, Accounting #Security and Privacy #Cross-Layer Optimization #Multimedia and Real-Time Communication #Machine-To-Machine Communications for Smart Environments #Smart Cities #Network Traffic Characterization and Measurements #Network Management, Reliability and QoS #Performance Evaluation of Networks #Testbeds for Network Experiments #Network Coding #Optical and High-Speed Access Networks #High Performance Computing #Digital System and Logic Design #Networked-Driven Multicourse Chips #Information-Centric Networking #Opportunistic Networking #Mobile and Ubiquitous Networking #Big Data Networking #Cloud Computing and Networking #Software Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization #Adaptive Networking Applications #Antenna and Communications Devices #Microstrip Antenna #Microwave #Radar and Satellite #Smart Antenna #MIMO Antenna #Wireless Communication #RFID Network and Applications #5G Communication #6G Communication #Neural Networks #Fuzzy Logic #Simulated Biological Evolution Algorithms (Like Genetic Algorithm) #Ant Colony Optimization(etc) #Reasoning and Evolution #Intelligence Applications #Computer Vision and Speech Understanding #Multimedia and Cognitive Informatics #Data Mining and Machine Learning Tools #Heuristic and Ai Planning Strategies and Tools #Computational Theories of Learning #Technology and Computing (Like Particle Swarm Optimization) #Intelligent System Architectures #Knowledge Representation #Bioinformatics #Natural Language Processing #Multiagent Systems #Supervised Learning #Unsupervised Learning #Deep Learning #Big Data and Ai Approaches #Reinforcement Learning #And Learning with Generative Adversarial Networks #Regression and Prediction #Problem Solving and Planning #Clustering #Classification #Neural Information Processing #Vision and Speech Perception #Heterogeneous and Streaming Data #Probabilistic Models and Methods #Reasoning and Inference #Marketing and Social Sciences #Knowledge Discovery #Web Mining #Information Retrieval #Design and Diagnosis #Game Playing #Streaming Data #Music Modelling and Analysis #Robotics and Control #Multi-Agent Systems #Active Vision and Robotic Systems #Architecture of Imaging and Vision Systems #Autonomous Vehicles #Character and Handwritten Text Recognition #Chemical and Spectral Sensitization #Chemistry of Photosensitive Materials #Coating Technologies #Coding and Transmission #Cognitive Aspects of Image Understanding #Color Imaging #Communication of Visual Data #Data Fusion from Multiple Sensor Inputs #Display and Printing #Document Image Understanding # Generation and Display #Holography #Image Analysis and Interpretation #Image Capturing #Image Databases #Image Generation #Image Manipulation #Image Permanence #Image Processing #Image Processing Applications #Image Processing: Coding Analysis and Recognition #Image Representation #Image Sensing #Imaging Systems and Image Scanning #Implementation and Architectures #Latent Image #Materials for Electro-Photography #Monitoring and Surveillance #Network Architecture for Real-Time Video Transport #New Visual Services Over ATM/Packet Network #Non-Impact Printing Technologies #Object Modeling and Knowledge Acquisition #Photoconductors #Photographic Emulsions #Photopolymers #Prepress and Printing Technologies #Processing and Analysis #Protocols for Packet Video #Remote Image Sensing #Retrieval and Multimedia #Scene Modeling #Signal-Processing Aspects of Image Processing #Storage and Transmission #Video Coding Algorithms and Technologies for ATM/P #Ethics of Software Engineering and Management #Software Life Cycles Development Models #Project Planning and Management #Software Requirements Analysis #Software Design Analysis #Software Testing and Integration #Software Implementation and Maintenance #Software Maintenance and Maintainability #Software Metrics or Attributes #Software Risk Assessment and Containment #Reliability #Software Quality and Quality Assurance #Software Cost Estimation #Object Oriented Developments #Object Oriented Metrics #Object Oriented Testing #Formal Notations #3D Reconstruction #Computer Animation #Computational Fabrication #Computational Geometry #Computational Photography #Computer Vision for Computer Graphics #Data Compression for Graphics #Geometric Modelling #Geometric Processing #HCI and Computer Graphics #Human Modelling #Image Analysis #Image Based Rendering #Image Processing #Machine Learning for Graphics #Medical Imaging #Pattern Recognition #Physically Based Modelling #Illumination and Rendering ethods #Robotics and Vision #Saliency Methods #Scientific Visualization #Shape and Surface Modelling #Shape Analysis and Image Retrieval #Shape Matching #Sketch-based Modelling #Solid Modelling #Stylized rendering #Textures #Virtual and Augmented Reality #Visual Analytics #Volume Rendering #Data Mining #Data Science #Big Data #Data Warehouse #Visualization #Security #Privacy #Big DaaS #Scalable Computing #Cloud Computing #Knowledge Discovery #Integration #Transformation #Information Retrieval #Social Data and Semantics #Mining Functions #Data Regression #Data Classification #Anomaly Detection #Data Clustering #Data Association #Data Regression #Data Cleaning #Feature Selection and Extraction #Data Mining Algorithms #Apriori #Decision Tree #Generalized Linear Models #K-Means #Minimum Description Length #Naive Bayes #Non-Negative Matrix Factorization #0-Cluster #Support Vector Machines #Data Preparation #Mining Unstructured Data #Artificial Intelligence #Future Directions and Challenges in Data Mining #Industrial Challenges in Data Mining #Cryptographic Protocols #Cryptography and Coding #Untrace-Ability #Privacy and Authentication #Key Management #Authentication #Trust Management #Quantum Cryptography #Computational Intelligence in Security #Artificial Immune Systems #Biological & Evolutionary Computation #Intelligent Agents and Systems #Reinforcement & Unsupervised Learning #Autonomy-Oriented Computing #Coevolutionary Algorithms #Fuzzy Systems #Biometric Security #Trust Models and Metrics #Regulation and Trust Mechanisms #Data Integrity #Models for Authentication #Trust and Authorization #Wireless Network Security #Information Hiding #Data & System Integrity #Access Control and Intrusion Detection #Intrusion Detection and Vulnerability Assessment #Authentication and Non-Repudiation #Identification and Authentication #Insider Threats and Countermeasures #Intrusion Detection & Prevention #Secure Cloud Computing #Security Information Systems Architecture and Design and Security Patterns #Security Management #Security Requirements (Threats, Vulnerabilities, Risk, Formal Methods, etc.) #Sensor and Mobile ad hoc Network Security #Service and Systems Design and QOS Network Security #System Security #Intrusion Detection #Secure end Systems #Secure Operating Systems #Data Base Security #Security Infrastructures #Security Evaluation #Software Security #Security and Privacy in Mobile Systems#Security and Privacy in Pervasive/Ubiquitous Computing #Security and Privacy in Web Services #Security and Privacy Policies #Security Area Control #Security Deployment #Security Engineering #Security for Grid Computing #Security in Distributed Systems #Network Security #Internet Security #Firewalls #Mobile Security #Security Agents #Protocols #Anti-Virus and Anti-Hacker Measures #Content Protection #Software Protection #Tamper Resistant Software #Electronic Commerce #Electronic Government #Health #Telecommunications #Mobility #Foundations #Privacy #Access Control #Authentication #Identification #Applied Cryptography #Formal Methods in Information Security #IoT & IoE & Edge Computing #Distributed Mobile Applications Utilizing IoT #Security, Privacy and Trust in IoT & IoE #Standards for IoT Applications #Ubiquitous Computing #Blockchain-enabled IoT Device and Data Security and Privacy #Application of WSN in IoT #Cloud Resources Utilization in IoT #Wireless Access Technologies for IoT #Mobile Applications and Services for IoT #Machine/ Deep Learning with IoT & IoE #Smart Sensors and Internet of Things for Smart City #Logic, Functional programming and Microcontrollers for IoT #Sensor Networks, Actuators for Internet of Things #Data Visualization using IoT #IoT Application and Communication Protocol #Big Data Analytics for Social Networking using IoT #IoT Applications for Smart Cities #Emulation and Simulation Methodologies for IoT #IoT Applied for Digital Contents #Soft Computing #Advance Ubiquitous Computing #Parallel Computing #Distributed Computing #Machine Learning #Information Retrieval #Expert Systems #Data Mining #Text Mining #Data Warehousing #Predictive Analysis #Data Management #Big Data Analytics #Big Data Security #Nature Inspired Computing #Reconfigurable Computing #Cloud, Cluster, Grid and P2P Computing #Biomedical Computing #Green Computing #Mobile Computing #Nano Ubiquitous Computing #Context Awareness and Personalization, Autonomic and Trusted Computing #Internet Computing #Sequential, Parallel and Distributed Algorithms and Data Structures #Approximation and Randomized Algorithms #Graph Algorithms And Graph Drawing #On-Line and Streaming Algorithms #Analysis of Algorithms and Computational Complexity #Algorithm Engineering #Web Algorithms #Exact And Parameterized Computation #Algorithmic Game Theory #Computational Biology #Foundations of Communication Networks #Computational Geometry #Discrete Optimization #Software Engineering Methodologies #Agent-based Software Engineering #Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Software Engineering #Component-based Software Engineering #Embedded and Ubiquitous Software Engineering #Aspect-based Software Engineering #Empirical Software Engineering #Search-Based Software Engineering #Automated Software Design and Synthesis #Computer-Supported Cooperative Work #Automated Software Specification #Reverse Engineering #Software Engineering Techniques and Production Perspectives #Requirements Engineering #Software Analysis, Design and Modelling #Software Maintenance and Evolution #Software Engineering Tools and Environments #Software Engineering Decision Support #Software Design Patterns #Software Product Lines #Process and Workflow Management #Reflection and Metadata Approaches #Program Understanding and System Maintenance #Software Domain Modelling and Analysis #Software Economics #Multimedia and Hypermedia Software Engineering #Software Engineering Case Study and Experience Reports #Enterprise Software, Middleware, and Tools #Artificial Intelligent Methods, Models, Techniques #Artificial Life and Societies #Swarm Intelligence #Smart Spaces #Autonomic Computing and Agent-Based Systems #Autonomic Computing #Adaptive Systems #Agent Architectures, Ontologies, Languages and Protocols #Multi-Agent Systems #Agent-Based Learning and Knowledge Discovery #Interface Agents #Agent-Based Auctions and Marketplaces #Secure Mobile and Multi-Agent Systems #Mobile agents #SOA and Service-Oriented Systems #Service-Centric Software Engineering #Service Oriented Requirements Engineering #Service Oriented Architectures #Middleware for Service Based Systems #Service Discovery and Composition #Service Level Agreements (Drafting, Negotiation, Monitoring and Management) #Runtime Service Management #Semantic web #Data Modelling, Mining and Data Analytics #Aggregation, Integration, and Transformation #Web and Text Mining #Data Mining Methods, Techniques, and Tools #Data Analytics Modelling and Algorithms #Patterns and Frameworks #Data Visualization #Knowledge Systems and Engineering #Knowledge Acquisition #Knowledge-based and Expert Systems #Knowledge Representation and Retrievals #Knowledge Engineering Tools and Techniques #Time and Knowledge Management Tools #Knowledge Modelling, Integration, Transformation, and Management #Uncertainty Knowledge Management #Knowledge Visualization #Mobile Computing and Mobile System Engineering #Mobile App Design and Development #Innovative Mobile Applications #Pervasive Computing #Mobile System Validation and Test Automation #Software & System Quality of Service #Soft Computing #Software and System Testing Methods #Quality Assurance Process, Standards, and Systems #Software Safety Systems #Software Test Automation and Tools #Software Dependability, Reliability, Scalability #Software & System Security #Software and System Security and Privacy #Mobile App Security and Privacy #Encryption Methods and Tools #Security Service Systems #Cloud, Sensor Cloud and Mobile Cloud Security #Mobile System Integrity, Security, And Fault Tolerance #Emergent Topics #Cloud Computing and Innovative Cloud-Based Application Systems #Mobile Cloud Computing and Application Services #Big Data Analytics Application Systems #Innovative Sensing Cloud and Systems #Large-Scale Cyber Systems #IoT and Smart City Application Systems #Big Data Quality Validation #Big Data Application Quality Services #Smart Learning and Innovative Education Systems #Learning Software Design Engineering #Smart Learning Methods and Environments #Online Learning Systems #Mobile Enabled Learning Systems and Tools #PhD Academic #Scopus #SCI #LatticeScience #Springer, #ScienceDirect #IEEE #Mendeley #Research #Scholarship #UGC #SSRN #ESCI #Science #Journal #Conference #SSRN #PubLons #PhD #Academic #Scopus #SCI #LatticeScience #Springer, #ScienceDirect #IEEE #Mendeley #Research #Scholarship #UGC #SSRN #LatticeScience #ESCI #Science #Journal #Conference #SSRN #PubLon

Qualitative Assessment of Rain Water Harvested from Roof Top Catchments: Case Study of Embakasi, Nairobi County
Joanne N. Gakungu
Joanne N. Gakungu, Department of SMARTEC, Sustainable Materials Research & Technology Centre, JKUAT.
Manuscript received on August 08, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on August 29, 2013. | Manuscript published on September 05, 2013. | PP: 263-266 | Volume-3, Issue-4, September 2013. | Retrieval Number: D1834093413/2013©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite
© The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Rain Water Harvesting (RWH), in its broadest sense, is a technology used for collecting and storing rainwater for human use from rooftops, land surfaces or rock catchments using simple techniques such as jars and pots as well as engineered techniques [6]. This paper aims to assess the quality of harvested roof-top rainwater from three different roofing materials in Embakasi area in Nairobi County. The roofing materials are corrugated iron sheets, clay tiles and concrete tiles. Chemical analysis included testing for iron, copper, zinc, fluoride, aluminium, lead, zinc, manganese, sodium and potassium. Physical analysis of pH and turbidity was carried out as well as bacteriological analysis for Escherichia coli (E. Coli) and total coliform. All the rainwater samples results for the samples taken after first run-off, were within the guidelines for both chemical and microbiological parameters established by the World Health Organization [10]. On the contrary, turbidity levels were higher than the maximum allowable concentration for drinking purposes hence the need to allow the first run –off during any rainfall event. As revealed from the analysis, all the samples require some level of treatment e.g. chlorination in order to ensure they meet regulatory standards for drinking water. However all water samples are quite safe for all other domestic uses including laundry, toilet flushing, bathing and other general cleaning. The integrated management must consist of regular cleaning of the catchment areas and the storage tanks and the employment of automated mechanical systems for discarding the first portion of each rainfall. The use of clay roofing tiles is preferable but due to cost, corrugated iron sheets maybe adopted.
Keywords: Rain Water Harvesting, Roofing Materials, Water Quality.

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C2673075315

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 11:39:39 +0000

Solar Energy Tracking System using At89s52 Microcontroller and L293d Motor Driver Circuit
Battu Deepa¹, M. Hemalatha²¹Battu Deepa, Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, S.V. Engineering College for women, Tirupati, (Andhra Pradesh). India.
²M. Hemalatha, Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, S.V. college of Engineering, Tirupati, (Andhra Pradesh). India.
Manuscript received on June 18, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 27, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 130-135 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: C2673075315/2015©BEIESP
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©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: With the increasing demand of energy and the diminution of the fossil fuels, with increase in pollution level and depletion of the ozone layer the demand for the natural and renewable sources of energy is the need of the hour and this has been the point of discussion all over the world with many organizations working for the utilization of these resources and its promotion and United Nations allocating huge amount of funds for its promotion we have also made an effort to contribute a bit in the same direction. It is a known fact that the most unutilized source of energy is solar energy. This paper deals with a microcontroller based solar panel tracking system. Solar tracking enables more energy to be generated because the solar panel is always able to maintain a perpendicular profile to the sun’s rays. Development of solar panel tracking systems has been ongoing for several years now. As the sun moves across the sky during the day, it is advantageous to have the solar panels track the location of the sun, such that the panels are always perpendicular to the solar energy radiated by the sun A solar energy tracker is a device used for orienting a solar photovoltaic panel or lens towards the sun. Hence the sun tracking system can collect more energy.
Keywords: Solar system, solar panel, microcontroller AT89S52, LCD HITACHI 44780, L293D MOTOR DRIVER CIRCUIT.

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C2675075315

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 11:35:38 +0000

Effect of Turnover on Jordanian Health Care Organizations
Ghazy Al- HamedDr. Ghazy Al- Hamed, College of Business- Rabigh Health Services and HoSpital Deep King Abdul- Aziz University, Jeddah, KSA. Saudi Arabia.
Manuscript received on June 17, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 28, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 124-129 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: C2675075315/2015©BEIESP
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©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: Productivity is very important issue for any Health Care organization. There are several factors on which productivity of an organization mostly depends upon. Employee’s turnover is one of them which is considered to be one of the challenging issues in business nowadays. The impact of turnover has received considerable attention by senior management, human resources professionals and industrial psychologists. It has proven to be one of the most costly and seemingly intractable human resource challenges confronting by several organizations globally. The purpose of this research is therefore, to find out the actual reasons behind turnover and its damaging effects on the performance of different Jordanian Health Care Organizations. The objectives of the study is to ascertain the cause of Employees turnover , To determine the effect of employee turnover , To measure the satisfaction level of employees in the health organizations, and finally to build model to reduce turnover in health organizations. This study focused on the effect of employee turnover on Health Care Organizations with reference to the Jordan Health Care organizations (JHCOS). High employee turnover rates affect efforts to attain organizational objectives. In addition, when the Health Care Organizations loses a critical employee, the effects on innovation, consistency in providing service to patients and timely delivery of services to patients may be negatively affected. The research design used in this study was the quantitative approach, which allowed the researcher to use structured questionnaires in collecting data. The simple random sampling technique was used to select four hundred respondents from all levels of management in the Jordan Health Care organizations. The total number of population that the questionnaires were administered was four hundred (400), of which three hundred and seventy four (374) was retrieved shaped, (, .93% of total population. Analytical statistics was used to analyze and test hypothesis ,(SPSS) was used for that. The study found positive turnover and negative turnover effect the performance of Jordanian Health Care Organizations, The study show also that Gender and Age not affect the Health Care Organizations Turnover causes, but Educational background, Status of respondents, and Work experience have an effect on Health Care Organizations Turnover causes. The study illustrate that adopted mode suggested effect on reducing turnover in Jordanian Health Care Organizations , the Model include ( improve work environment ,build trust ,recognize good performance, develop of employee, adopt good benefits and incentives system) on reducing Health Care organization Turnover, Turnover, however, had dual effects on the health organization; positive and negative effects. Whiles employee turnover introduced new ideas and skill into the health organization, it’s also lead to difficulties in attracting new staff. To reduce the rate of turnover, management should be assure that the environmental condition of employees is convenient.
Keywords: Health Care organization.

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C2676075315

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 11:28:50 +0000

Predicting Behaviors of Stock Market
Adhvik Shetty¹, Subham Chatterjee², Parimala R³¹Adhvik Shetty, PES Institute of Technology, BSK III Stage, angalore,, Karnataka, India
²Subham Chatterjee, PES Institute of Technology, BSK III Stage, angalore, Karnataka, India.
³Professor Parimala R, Professor, Information Science Department, ES Institute of Technology, BSK III Stage, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Manuscript received on June 18, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 26, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 120-123 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: C2676075315/2015©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite
©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: Prices of stock depend on a variety of factors. Predicting and building a model is a daunting task to any analyst. To predict the behavior of stock market, one goes through the company news, economic and political news and global sentiments. Considering the large number of news articles, there are some which can be missed out. Also it is impossible to focus on each and every news article as soon as it is published on the internet. In this paper, we analyze the sentiment generated by news articles and correlate the sentiment with the actual change in stock market prices. This gives a deeper insight into the correlation and tells us how much news articles influence the stock market. After extensive research we have decided to use a hybrid technique involving machine learning and natural language processing concepts. We have used n–gram as the feature creation, chi square as the feature selection and support vector machines as the classification technique. Improving the accuracy of predicting stock market trends, we hope to aid investors in better decision making based on real time sentiment of news articles.
Keywords: PRICES, CLASSIFICATION, ARTICLES, NEWS, POLITICAL.

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C2674075315

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 11:22:46 +0000

An Automated Analyzer for Users’ Anti-Phishing Behaviour within a LAN
Abdullah M. Alnajim
Dr. Abdullah M. Alnajim, Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Manuscript received on June 17, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 26, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 115-119 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: C2674075315/2015©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite
©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: Phishing is a security attack that seeks to trick people into revealing sensitive information about themselves and their Internet accounts. This paper proposes a novel anti-phishing approach that is deployed within a Local Area Network (LAN). The approach is a model that automatically perform ongoing analysis for users behaviours against phishing attacks and then based on the results it decides whether to train them or not against phishing. The aim is to enhance the phishing countermeasures applied on a LAN by making users aware of phishing attacks. A prototype proof of concept implementation is presented in this paper in order to test the approach’s applicability. The prototype of the new model shows that the approach model runs and performs the concept.
Keywords: Modeling, Analyzer, Blacklists, LAN, e-Commerce Security, Network, Proxy, Online Banking Security, Phishing, Pharming.

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B2566055215

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 11:18:46 +0000

Climate Change Effects on Environmental Flora in the Nigerian Terrain: Health Implications on Mankind
Uwa Clementina Ukamaka¹, Nwafor J. C²¹Dr. (Mrs) Uwa Clementina Ukamaka, is a Lecturer with Federal University of Nigeria Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State.
²Nwafor J. C, is a Professor with the Centre for Environmental Management and Control, Enugu Campus.
Manuscript received on June 19, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 29, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 110-114 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: B2566055215/2015©BEIESP
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©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: Environmental conditions play a key role in defining the function and distribution of flora, in combination with other factors. Changes in long term environmental conditions that can be collectively coined climate change are known to have had enormous impacts on flora diversity pattern in the past and are seen as having significant current impacts. Researchers predict that climate change will remain one of the biodiversity patterns in the future. Adopting the survey method of research, this study investigates the importance of Juglans regia (walnuts) commonly known as walnut, in the areas of food and medicine in Nigeria. Some factors that are responsible for biodiversity depletion in environmental flora forms a major focus of this work. The concept of ecosystem or biosphere as a circle of life receives highlight. This work also details the purposes, significance, educational implication as well as policy implication of the concept of biodiversity loss.
Keywords: Climate change, environmental flora, biodiversity, ecosystem and Juglans regia.

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B2565055215

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 11:14:30 +0000

Relevance of Science and Technology on Environmental Commons: the Nigerian Experience
Uwa C. U.¹, Nwafor J. C.²¹Dr. (Mrs) Uwa Clementina Ukamaka, Lecturer with Federal University of Nigeria Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State.
²Nwafor J. C, Professor with the Centre for Environmental Management and Control, Enugu Campus.
Manuscript received on June 18, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 29, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 105-109 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: B2565055215/2015©BEIESP
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©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: A journey through Nigeria, either by road, air, or rail shows a scintillating environment fully endowed with abundant of resources, from a rich ecosystem through rich mangrove and rain forests to plateau, mountain vegetation interspersed with rivers, lakes in different climatic regions and in different stages of utilization and management. All these influence man’s existence but the extent of their influence on him depends on his capabilities to transform the applicable environment. Man applies science and technology in his quest to satisfy his day to day needs. Man will necessarily succumb to the dictates of environmental fallouts, if man is ill-equipped. With the necessary skills and knowledge and right application of the tools. It is on this premise that this study examines man and his physical environment, his application of science and technology to transform this environment to meet his immediate needs, the impact on it’s environment and it’s influence on man setting useful environmental laws and strategies for the way forward are then discussed. This study also deals with the laws, which helps to manage the environment for better wage and improve the living condition of man and nature via the waste management methods.
Keywords: Iscintillating environment fully endowed utilization and management, laws and strategies

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C2665075315

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 11:09:05 +0000

Introducing an Intelligent Transportation System Decision Support Model for the Highways in Iran Based on Fuzzy Logic
Milad Ghanbari¹, Abozar Godarzi Mehr², Hamid Nehzat³¹Milad Ghanbari, Ph.D. Student, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
²Abozar Godarzi Mehr, M.Sc. Student, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran.
³Hamid Nehzat, M.Sc. Student, Department of Transportation Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Malard Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Manuscript received on June 15, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 27, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 101-104 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: C2665075315/2015©BEIESP
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©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: The significance of inner and inter-city highways in terms of security, environmental pollution, and the capacity and density of the lanes has led to implementation of intelligent transportation infrastructure. The use of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) economizes on costs and time. ITS enjoying high technology in information processing, communications, electronic controll establish a proper and safe relationship between man, vehicles, and roads. This paper aimed to introduce a Decision Support System (DSS) in order to select the kind of intelligent transportation system for the highways in Iran. The research taking advantage of the ideas of some experts in the field of traffic and transportation performed fuzzy logic (FL) model in MATLAB software. The validity of the model was studied and confirmed in a case study of two highways.
Keywords: fuzzy logic, traffic engineering, intelligent transportation system, highway capacity, decision support system.

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C2661075315

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 11:04:12 +0000

Study of Spectrum Sensing Techniques in Cognitive Radio: A Survey
Kanwaljeet Singh¹, Avtar Singh Buttar²¹Kanwaljeet Singh, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar-Kapurthala Highway, India.
²Avtar Singh Buttar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar-Kapurthala Highway, India.
Manuscript received on June 15, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 27, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 97-100 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: C2661075315/2015©BEIESP
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©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: The wireless traffic is increasing in an unparalleled way, which causes radio spectrum shortage. The fixed spectrum assignment policy makes this problem more critical. Cognitive radio is one answer to spectrum scarcity problem. In Cognitive radio, the licensed bands are opportunistically accessed when primary user is absent. The first step to a cognitive radio network is the spectrum sensing. An efficient and fast spectrum sensing can make cognitive radio more useful practically. In this paper we discuss several spectrum sensing techniques used in cognitive radio. The vacant frequency spectrum is first sensed by the cognitive radio users, for this purpose several spectrum sensing techniques are used. Spectrum sensing is one of the features of cognitive radio which tells us the availability of vacant bands (also called spectrum holes). In this survey, we analyze the non-cooperative, cooperative and interference based spectrum sensing techniques in cognitive radio. Also in the last, an introduction of some miscellaneous techniques has been given.
Keywords: Cognitive Radio (CR), spectrum sensing, Primary User (PU), fusion center, multi-taper spectrum estimation, Power Spectral Density (PSD).

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C2658075315

IJSCE Journal — Fri, 01 Oct 2021 10:59:05 +0000

M-FSK in Multi Coding and Channel Environments
Fatima Faydhe AL-Azzawi¹, Saleim Hachem Farhan², Maher Ibraheem Gamaj³¹Fatima Faydhe AL-Azawi, Department of Electronic Technique, Institute of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.
²Saleim Hachem Farhan, Department of Electronic Technique, Institute of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.
³Maher Ibraheem Gamaj, Department of Electronic Technique, Institute of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.
Manuscript received on June 18, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on June 29, 2015. | Manuscript published on July 05, 2015. | PP: 92-96 | Volume-5 Issue-3, July 2015. | Retrieval Number: C2658075315/2015©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite
©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Abstract: Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital information is transmitted through discrete frequency changes of a carrier wave currently used by manufacturers of low power low data rate data transmission equipment. The power efficiency of this modulation increases as the signal alphabet increases at the expense of increased complexity and reduced bandwidth efficiency. Most early telephone-line modems used frequency-shift keying (FSK) to send and receive data at rates up to about 1200 bits per second. In this paper M-FSK have been tested under multi-channel environments AWGN, Rayliegh fading and Risian fading channels in term of BER with coherent and non- coherent demodulation and deferent Size of modulation constellation, Improving techniques used to enhanced the performance of the system under AWGN where convolutional code with hard and soft decision, extended Golay code and Reed-Solomon code, the ratio of energy in the specular component to the energy in the diffuse component (linear scale) and diversity used to improve the performance under Rayliegh and Risian fading channels.
Keywords: M-FSK, FSK with matlab, M-FSK coding, multi-channel.

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